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Historical Area – Palmculture
https://palmculture.eu/en/
Culture on the palmThu, 27 Jun 2019 21:05:25 +0000en-UShourly1https://wordpress.org/?v=5.0.4https://palmculture.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/cropped-Palmculture-logo-EN-1600-1-32x32.pngHistorical Area – Palmculture
https://palmculture.eu/en/
3232Old town core of Novi Sad
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/old-town-core-of-novi-sad/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/old-town-core-of-novi-sad/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 20:48:26 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/?post_type=places&p=4345Traces of settlements in the area of today’s old town core of Novi Sad date from the middle Ages, and the old core, in its present form, began to develop at the end of the 17th century. The irregular street layout was caused by building on the raised ground on so called “dry beams” that were not flooded in the case of a high water levels of Danube. The first inhabitants were merchants, craftsmen and caterers who built their houses across from the Petrovaradin Fortress. The preserved historic buildings were built in the spirit of Baroque, Classicism, eclectic styles of the epoch of Historicism, in the styles of Secession and Modernism. Cultural and historical traces in the old core were left by all the ethnicities that lived here: Serbs, Germans, Jews, Hungarians, Armenians, Aromanians, Slovaks, Pannonian Rusyns, Croats, Russians and others. The old core suffered great devastation during the time of the Rebellion in 1849, and more recently due to radical urban developments such as creating new street corridors and demolishing the entire block of buildings in order to build a new building of the Serbian National Theater. The Armenian Church from 1746/1872 was demolished, as well as a large number of residential, commercial and public buildings. The scope of the spatial, cultural and historical old core of Novi Sad, which has still largely preserved the authentic appearance, includes the following streets: Dunavska, Zmaj Jovina, Kralja Aleksandra, Trg slobode, Pozorisni Square, Svetozara Miletica, Njegoseva, Laze Teleckog, Grckoskolska, Djure Jaksica, Trifkovic Square, Ilije Ognjanovica, Mite Ruzica, Grozde Gajsin and others.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/old-town-core-of-novi-sad/feed/0Fortified Roman Catholic Church – Óföldeák
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/romai-katolikus-erodtemplom-ofoldeak/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/romai-katolikus-erodtemplom-ofoldeak/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 19:52:59 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/romai-katolikus-erodtemplom-ofoldeak/Óföldeák Árpád-kori eredetű falu, először az 1332/33-as pápai tizedjegyzék említi, eszerint már akkor egyházas hely volt. A ma is álló templom magja valószínűleg a 15. század második felében épült. Eredetileg gótikus boltozata volt, ám amikor az elpusztult, a 16. század elején síkfödémet készítettek. A templomot körülölelő védőfal a 15-16. század fordulója körül épülhetett ki. A falu a 16. század végére viszont elnéptelenedett és csak 1723-tól népesült be ismét, akkor a templomot is újjáépítették, ekkor készült a kazettás famennyezetet is. 1845-ben egy árvíz elsodorta a települést, az új falu a régi helyétől távolabb épült föl. A régi templomot magtárrá alakították, felszerelését az új földeáki templomba vitték át. A régi településrész nem néptelenedett el teljesen, a Tisza szabályozása után ismét benépesült. A templomot 1874-ben hosszirányban bővítették, s a földbirtokos, Návay László hétéves szibériai száműzetésében tett fogadalma szerint, 1923-24-ben helyreállítást eszközöltek rajta. A település 1950-ben Óföldeák néven önállósult. 1990-99 között Béres Mária vezetésével nagyobb arányú műemléki régészeti kutatásokra került sor, majd következett a helyreállítás, állagmegóvás. Az üvegablakokat Szilágyi András tervei alapján pótolták.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/romai-katolikus-erodtemplom-ofoldeak/feed/0Ópusztaszer National Heritage Park
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/opusztaszeri-nemzeti-torteneti-emlekpark/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/opusztaszeri-nemzeti-torteneti-emlekpark/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 19:46:04 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/opusztaszeri-nemzeti-torteneti-emlekpark/The National Heritage Park is an open-air ethnographic museum, a skanzen and excursion site, which was established in 1982 in Ópusztaszer, Csongrád County. Its best-known exhibition is Árpád Feszty’s panorama painting titled The arrival of the Hungarians in the Rotunda. In making the 120 meter long, 15 meter high panoramic scene with a 38 meter diameter, Árpád Feszty was assisted by several painters for two years, from 1892 to 1894: landscape details were created by László Mednyánszky, the horse battle scenes by Pál Vágó. In 2013, discovered parts of the 1897 Polish-owned Transylvanian panorama were also exhibited. The Open-Air Ethnographic Collection has 19 building complexes and three open-air exhibitions, its design began in 1978 and continues to evolve ever since. The buildings represent the different regions of the country, the visitor can observe the life of the 19th century villages and farmsteads, the various crafts, see the school, the post office, the grocery store, the windmill, the narrow-gauge railway, the bakery. Here you can also see a collection of carts and a collection of agricultural machines. The larch pavilion resembling a yurt houses the Forest and Man exhibition, presenting the relationship between forest, trees and man. The nomadic park evokes the world of Eurasian steppes, with yurt and winter accommodations, horse shows. The Water Exhibition commemorates rafting, wood processing, shipbuilding and fishing. With the help of a model, we can witness the great flood of 1879 in Szeged. There are several monuments in the park, as well as a forest trail, a forest pitch and playgrounds also await discovery.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/opusztaszeri-nemzeti-torteneti-emlekpark/feed/0Dugonics Square
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/dugonics-ter/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/dugonics-ter/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 19:38:48 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/dugonics-ter/In old Szeged, Dugonics Square was the home of the wheat market before the destruction of the great flood of 1879. The square was named after the author of the first Hungarian novel, András Dugonics, a piarist-priest teacher, who created many expressions of the Hungarian mathematical language. The statue on the square, set up from public donation, was the first public sculpture in Szeged. In front of it, the musical fountain built for the centenary of the great flood in 1979 is one of the favorite meeting places of the Szeged people. The main building of the University of Szeged is located in the center of the square, the early eclectic palace was originally built as a high school. In front of it stands the statue of Attila József, who was a student of the institution between 1924 and 1925, but had to interrupt his studies because of a rebellious poem.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/dugonics-ter/feed/0Széchenyi Square
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/szechenyi-ter/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/szechenyi-ter/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 19:37:42 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/szechenyi-ter/The western walls of the castle of Szeged, built in the 13th century on the bank of the Tisza, stood on what is Széchenyi Square today, and the barren area in front of them served as a practice area for the castle defense and as the Main Market Square. While the castle was standing, the military headquarters banned planting trees to prevent the large plants from obstructing the free view. After the Turkish occupation, when Szeged regained its former rights and its rank of a royal city, the centre for public legislation, the City Hall, was built here as well. In 1860, after the death of Széchenyi, the city administration decided to name it the Greatest Hungarian. According to one of the anecdotes of Ferenc Móra, when Széchenyi visited Szeged in 1833, he was so desperate to see the main market that he suggested to the then mayor that they should grow potatoes if they were unable to renew the public space. The 19th century finally transformed the space both in appearance and function: large palaces were built on its southern side, and as part of the reconstruction after the great flood of 1879, the castle walls were demolished, eclectic residential and public buildings were erected in their places and a park was created. Spacious, over 50,000 square meters in size, it is decorated with centuries-old sycamore trees, magnolias that are popular when flowering, empress trees and many other special plants. Among the plants we find statues depicting the dominant figures of the city and the history of the country.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/szechenyi-ter/feed/0Open-Air Festival of Szeged
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/szegedi-szabadteri-jatekok/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/szegedi-szabadteri-jatekok/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 18:49:48 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/szegedi-szabadteri-jatekok/The idea was first proposed in 1926 by Gyula Juhász, a poet then living in Szeged. A number of renowned representatives of cultural and political life adopted the idea. The series of celebration programs connected to the consecration of the Votive Church provided an opportunity to conduct a “public rehearsal” in the autumn of 1930. The superb acoustics of the church square surrounded by arcade appeared an excellent location for staging open air theatrical performances. The first performance – the Hungarian Passio – was presented on June 13, 1931. Since then, the performances of the open-air theatre have been the main success and attraction of each summer in Szeged. The success of the theatre came to an end with World War II: the square became silent after the summer of 1939 for a period of 20 years.
The success story resumed on July 25, 1959. That night, the tunes László Hunyadi marked the beginning of the second scene of the Szeged Open-Air Festival which has continued ever since then. In 1994, a new auditorium was established for the Festival. The grandstand which had occupied the square throughout the year was replaced by a mobile auditorium for 4,000 spectators that can be removed after the Festival season is over. Sectors of the auditorium have been named after the European capitals that provided help for Szeged during the large flood of the Tisza in 1879 (London, Rome, Paris, Berlin, Brussels, Vienna), and also twin cities of Szeged (Darmstadt, Turku, Parma, Nice, Szabadka, Toledo, Odessa).
During the more than 40 years of its “new era”, more than 3 million spectators have watched the 142 performances on a total of 657 occasions.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/szegedi-szabadteri-jatekok/feed/0Szeged Fortress and Lapidarium
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/var-es-kotar/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/var-es-kotar/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 18:21:37 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/var-es-kotar/The medieval fortress of Szeged was built on a smaller island near the intersection of the Maros and Tisza rivers. Szeged has always been an important part of the trade route (salt and gold, mostly) between Transylvania and the West, ever since the first Roman vessels appeared. Such endeavors require military presence, but a permanent stronghold was built only in the 13th century, following the Mongol Invasion of Europe. Almost all Hungarian kings visited the fortress at one point or another, and many parliaments were organized here, as well. After the Battle of Mohács and the occupation of Buda by the Ottoman Empires, the stronghold was harried by the retreating armies. In 1543, Szeged yielded to the Ottomans without any significant resistance, who were occupying the fortress in the next 143 years. The fortress was built parallel to the river Tisza with an irregular layout but roughly rectangular in shape. On every corner of the castle stood a circular tower built for defensive purposes, and the walls on each side were also fitted with rectangular towers. The castle’s palace was situated west of the southern gate and was turned into an artillery storage space from the 18th century. The circular tower on the south-eastern side of the castle was far bigger than the other towers. It was later named the water tower because it stood on the banks of the river. The thickness of its walls surpassed all others so experts think that it was originally a medieval old tower. During the archeological excavation in the past couple of years have uncovered the beautiful, laced ornaments that adorned the gates and windows of the fortress, these are exhibited in the Lapidarium today. Parts of the fortress were transformed into a prison by the end the 18th century, housing Italian war prisoners before 1848, and many Szeged-based Betyars afterwards, including the infamous Sándor Rózsa. The fortress was demolished between 1876 and 1882, with the exception of the Baroque “Maria Theresa Gate”, which was covered with a roof in 1999 and is open to the public today. The building also serves as a Lapidarium and storage for the museum. The recent excavations have uncovered a Gothic church as well as the oldest medieval cemetery of Szeged, with more than 700 tombs.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/var-es-kotar/feed/0Ferenc Móra Museum (Culture Palace)
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/mora-ferenc-muzeum-kozmuvelodesi-palota/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/mora-ferenc-muzeum-kozmuvelodesi-palota/#respondSat, 19 Jan 2019 18:18:01 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/mora-ferenc-muzeum-kozmuvelodesi-palota/The Ferenc Móra Museum, dominating the riverbank by the Belvárosi Bridge, was built in a Neo-Roman/Classicist style in 1896. The predecessor to the current museum was founded in 1883 with the name “City Museum and Somogyi Library”, honoring Canon Károly Somogyi, who had donated his collection of books to the city. The city council has decided to build a new palace for the museum in 1893, which was completed by September 6, 1896, with the first permanent exhibition opening on June 11, 1899. István Tömörkény became the institution’s director in 1904, who has subsequently hired Ferenc Móra to manage the scientific collection and to organize exhibitions. Móra later became member of the library’s staff, and the museum’s new director in 1917 – a seat he was occupying until his death in 1934. Móra was followed by Károly Cs. Sebestyén, Dezső Csallány, Mihály Szőke, Alajos Bálint, and the prominent archeologist Ottó Trogmayer, who was appointed in 1970. After dealing with severe damages during World War II, the museum was reopened on October 23, 1940. It became a state property in 1951, and took the name of Ferenc Móra in the same year. An extension was added in 1954-1955. In 1984, the library has moved to its new home on Dóm Square, and the building was fully renovated by 1989.
]]>https://palmculture.eu/en/places/mora-ferenc-muzeum-kozmuvelodesi-palota/feed/0Dóm Square
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/dom-ter/
https://palmculture.eu/en/places/dom-ter/#respondMon, 14 Jan 2019 18:30:46 +0000https://www.palmculture.eu/places/dom-ter/An interesting feature of Szeged’s Dóm Square is that its rectangular, 12,000 m2 area is exactly the same as the of Venice’s St. Mark Square. The square, with its red brick buildings and characteristic style, inspired by Northern-European architecture, is among the most beautiful sites of the city. The square is home the Votive Church of Szeged and the Dömötör Tower, and is the most prolific architectural achievement of interwar Hungary, according to folklorist Sándor Bálint. A dormitory and the Ferenc Gál Theological College are located on its western side, the palace of the bishopry on the south-western side, while university buildings and laboratories can be found on its eastern side. The arcades provide a home for the National Pantheon, featuring busts and plaques commemorating famous Hungarian historical figures and artists. There is also a musical clock directly across the main gate of the Votive Church, reminiscent of Medieval European university towns. The square is also the main location of the Open-Air Festival of Szeged, featuring one of the largest open-air stages in Europe, with a capacity to seat nearly 4,000 visitors in the summer. Right in front of the Votive Church, we can find the newly-renovated Trinity-statue, the 1896 work of sculptor Miklós Köllő. On the green area north of the church, we can find Klára Tóbiás’ 2006 statue, “Magyar Pieta”, commemoration the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The Károly Somogyi City and County Library and the Csongrád County Archives are located on the northwestern side of the square, while the rest of the building are occupied mostly by the University of Szeged.